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Keep God's Sabbath Holy
“Keep God's Sabbath Holy”
Jesus Christ said, “The Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath.” (Mark 2:27) He didn't say it was made for the Jew, but for man - for all mankind.
The Sabbath was made for man and it was made when man was made - during creation week. "And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had done. Then God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because in it He rested from all His work which God had created and made.” (Gen. 2:2-3)
Over in the book of Exodus, God gives us some instructions abut the Sabbath day. We know these instructions as the Fourth Commandment: "Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.” (Exo. 20:8-11)
God made this day holy. When something is holy, it is the opposite of common or profane. God elevated this day to a special status and it is sacred and pure, belonging to God and it is the part of time that is wholly devoted to God. Therefore, since the Sabbath day is holy time and God made it that way, it is up to us to keep it that way! Remember, God told us in vs. 8 of Exo. 20, to “keep it holy.”
That same section of scripture also says that we are to “remember the Sabbath,” which implies that we would naturally tend to “forget” this day. And, it is not saying here that we would necessarily forget which day is the Sabbath, but would forget to keep it holy!
The Sabbath is special to God. It is a memorial of creation that identifies God as Creator and those who keep it as His people. “You shall keep the Sabbath, therefore, for it is holy to you. Everyone who profanes it shall surely be put to death; for whoever does any work on it, that person shall be cut off from among his people. Work shall be done for six days, but the seventh is the Sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. Therefore the children of Israel shall keep the Sabbath, to observe the Sabbath throughout their generations as a perpetual covenant. It is a sign between Me and the children of Israel forever; for in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day He rested and was refreshed." (Exo. 31:14-17)
Yet, throughout much of their history, God's people, ancient Israel, rebelled against God and failed to observe the Sabbath. They ignored and trampled all over it. We can see one of the beginning examples of that in Ezekiel. Speaking of ancient Israel, “Moreover I also gave them My Sabbaths, to be a sign between them and Me, that they might know that I am the LORD who sanctifies them. Yet the house of Israel rebelled against Me in the wilderness; they did not walk in My statutes; they despised My judgments, which, if a man does, he shall live by them; and they greatly defiled My Sabbaths.” (Ezek. 20:12-13)
Because of this sin, the 10 tribes of Israel went into captivity and eventually lost their identity. They forgot God and His Sabbath and turned to idiolatry. Things were not much different with Judah. Jeremiah repeatedly warned Judah of it's sins. “But if you will not heed Me to hallow the Sabbath day, such as not carrying a burden when entering the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day, then I will kindle a fire in its gates, and it shall devour the palaces of Jerusalem, and it shall not be quenched." (Jer. 17:27) We all know the sad conclusion. The people didn't listen. They continued to break the Sabbath and the result was the sacking and destruction of Jerusalem and the captivity of the people.
To make a long story short, after a number of years, God brought some of the Jews back to Jerusalem. The people rebuilt the city, and for the most part, acknowledged their sins and began to keep God's law and Sabbath. But, it didn't take long for the people to regress and begin to break the Sabbath once again.
Nehemiah addresses the problem with the elders of Judah: “Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said to them, "What evil thing is this that you do, by which you profane the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers do thus, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Yet you bring added wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath." (Neh. 13:17-18)
After receiving Nehemiah's correction, most of the people repented and began observing God's Sabbath. However, as we know, human nature has a tendency to go to extremes. “If a little is good, more is better.” After the death of Nehemiah, the Jewish religionists, in their zeal to keep the Sabbath holy, began to legislate in minute detail what a person could and could not do on the Sabbath day. It eventually evolved, or maybe we should say “devolved” into the religion of Judaism we find when Jesus Christ walked the earth - which, for the most part, He roundly condemned.
All God actually gave us were basic principles to apply in various life situations. Well that wasn't good enough for the religious leaders that came to be known as “Pharisees.” Much like today's various religions, these leaders had the attitude that the people don't have the knowledge, understanding and wisdom to figure out how to obey God, so they decided to legislate every detail about what they may and may not do.
The Pharisees established 39 main categories of prohibited work. That was eventually broken down into such detail, that standards were set such as whether it was “work” to swat a fly on the Sabbath! The Pharisees sought to govern every remote contingency and trivial circumstance of daily life.
By the time this form of “Judaism” had reached the life and times of Jesus Christ, the Sabbath had become an institution unto itself. The Sabbath had become a burden and not the blessing God had intended it to be. As we saw earlier, in Mark, Jesus said the Sabbath was made for man, not the other way around. It was made to help you, to enable you to live a happier and more abundant life and keep you in the knowledge of the true God, not to become a burden.
God didn't ever intend for humans to fret and worry so much about the Sabbath that they would go through life fearing to do anything on that day that might “break” the Sabbath. That is one reason this article isn't meant to be a comprehensive compilation of “do's” and “don't's” for the Sabbath. We're not striving to be a Pharisee, but God does supply some very important guidelines.
Our Creator God knew we would need a period of rest from our normal weekly duties. He gave us the seventh day for that purpose. We all tend to become absorbed in our daily cares during the week. God foresaw this and He set aside the Sabbath as a time when we can completely forget our routine work. Then we can spend more time on those activities that help us better understand and worship God. God has always intended His Sabbath to be a day of rest, joy, delight and happiness.
What does it mean exactly to “rest?” God is concerned with two overall aspects of our life where it concerns the Sabbath: First, He wants our time to be free from responsibilities and activities. Second, He wants our mind free from thinking about those daily responsibilities and activities. This makes us free to properly worship God on this day.
Obviously, we can physically rest more on the Sabbath. In fact, I particularly enjoy taking a brief nap on occasion - something I am totally unable to do any other time of the week. But, the main emphasis is to rest from your normal work and activities on this day. You should serve God with your mind on the Sabbath. I suppose those who can't, or don't control their minds call the Sabbath “bondage.” You know them. They can't wait for the end of the Sabbath so they can go about pursuing their own ways and pleasures- which they have been thinking about all day anyway!
If we are able to get our mind focused on God's ways and His purpose, we will begin to find out what a delight and joy the Sabbath is. Isaiah gives us more of God's instruction for keeping the Sabbath: "If you turn away your foot from the Sabbath, from doing your pleasure on My holy day, and call the Sabbath a delight, the holy day of the LORD honorable, and shall honor Him, not doing your own ways, nor finding your own pleasure, nor speaking your own words, then you shall delight yourself in the LORD; and I will cause you to ride on the high hills of the earth, and feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father. The mouth of the LORD has spoken." (Isa. 58:13-14)
How do we do this? We devote the additional free Sabbath time to extra Bible study, prayer and meditation. This is the one day of the week when you don't have to worry about getting to the job, making payments, building fences, working out schedules, cleaning the house, or any other form of daily work.
We are to take care of all those normal, daily responsibilities during the other six days of the week. The Sabbath is to be “free” time, to be completely absorbed in God and His Word.
What does it mean in Isa. 58, when it says, “your own ways,” “your own pleasures,” and “your own words?”
(1) Your “ways” means your normal day to day life. It could include your job, finances, or the serious business of making a livelihood. On the Sabbath, you should not involve yourself in working at what you normally do during the week. That could include those things by which you feed, clothe and care for yourself physically.
This includes working around the house, sewing, cleaning, washing the dishes, the clothes, the car, the dog, you name it - all the things that pertain to your physical maintenance during the normal course of the week. That of course, does not include personal hygiene - brushing your teeth and bathing. We should take special care to come before God clean and neat - in the best condition possible on the Sabbath Day.
(2) Your “pleasure” does not mean that the Sabbath should be a day of rigorous abstinence. The principle to keep in mind is that we should avoid having our mind, time and energy taken up with hobbies, sports, shopping or other pleasure seeking. The Sabbath was not designed for activities such as hunting, fishing, golfing, movies, TV, “cruising the internet,” boating, etc. that take up our leisure time, nor would it include any time consuming hobbies.
(3) Your “words.” This is the spiritual application of the first two principles. Matt. 12:34 says, “Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks.” We tend to talk about what we are thinking. Our words show what is going on in our minds and hearts. Obviously, this is the most difficult of the three principles to master. We may cease doing our ways and our pleasures, but it is much more difficult to cease thinking or talking about them!
Again, we don't need to become pharisaical. There is no rule that says we can't mention non-spiritual things on the Sabbath. We simply must apply the principle of putting our mind on the positive purpose for which the Sabbath was made and not letting physical pursuits and thoughts dominate our day.
This probably doesn't need to be said, but in order to keep the Sabbath holy, we need to know when it occurs. Even within the various splinter groups of the Church, there is confusion and differing thoughts on when the Sabbath begins.
The Sabbath should be kept “from evening to evening,” or sunset to sunset, beginning Friday evening. Most newspapers list the approximate time of sunset for each day, or if you can see the sun, you would begin to observe the Sabbath when the sun is ready to fade over the horizon on Friday evening. It does not start when all light is gone and darkness is present, or in the middle of the night as most of this world observes.
I only bring that up because it ties in directly with how we should observe the new moon. God is consistent. He set a basic principle in motion. The new month begins when the old moon disappears, or enters the first part of the dark phase of the conjunction, much as when the sun sinks below the horizon and the beginning of the night part of the day, or twilight begins.
Now that I have covered the Sabbath in a general way, I would like to address two specific aspects of Sabbath observance that seem to have been forgotten and/or ignored by the majority of the Churches of God.
“Then said the LORD unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a certain rate every day, that I may prove them, whether they will walk in my law, or no. And it shall come to pass, that on the sixth day they shall prepare that which they bring in; and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily”
( Ex 16:4-5).
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